Aggregated data from surveys in Scotland and Northern Ireland show that more than a third of swine herds surveyed are positive for swine influenza, according to Merial Animal Health, maker of swine influenza vaccine Gripovac 3. Between the surveys just over 280 farms were assessed and serology demonstrated that 34 percent were positive.
This compares to research on pig farms in England carried out by the Royal Veterinary College (RVC) and the COSI Consortium in 2010, which showed that 59 per cent of herds were positive for one of the swine influenza strains.
The Scottish data is from figures collected by Quality Meat Scotland based on blood samples taken in 2012 and 2013. The Northern Irish data was gathered at the two main slaughter houses in the Province in 2011.
Callum Blair, Merial Animal Health said: “We would suspect that the results of blood tests at slaughter are an underestimate of the actual prevalence of swine influenza as antibodies from natural infection wane over time. Pigs that may have been affected, therefore, could still test negative at slaughter. So it may be that the prevalence is even higher than a third of herds. The disease can be sub-clinical and the productivity of the herd can fall before the disease is detected. By this point, treatment can be costly and pigs’ health severely compromised.
“In the case of the Northern Irish study there also seemed to be a link between the prevalence of swine influenza and pericarditis (infection around the heart) and pleuritis (infection around the lungs).”
Swine influenza can also significantly increase herd replacement rates. It increases the likelihood of both abortion and still births. The disease can affect conception rates and decrease lactation, both of which add to a decrease in herd output.
